The VMI Rat Challenge Program was instituted in 1968. The program was developed by Dr. Clark King, who was then Head of the Department of Physical Education. At that time, the program was called Rat Training.

Part of the original purpose of the program was to provide leadership opportunities for upperclass cadets, while at the same time involving Rats in a vigorous outdoor experiential program that would stretch them physically and emotionally, and enable them to overcome any self-imposed limits with which they may be confronted.