Dr. Jochen S. Arndt teaches advanced courses in African history and a two-semester freshmen course in World history. Geographically anchored in Africa in general and South Africa in particular, his research emphasizes global themes, notably the encounters between Africans and non-Africans and the dynamics unleashed by these encounters in terms of knowledge production and racial, ethnic, religious, and linguistic identity formation. With funding from a Social Sciences Research Council International Dissertation Research Fellowship and an American Historical Association’s Bernadotte Schmitt Research Grant, he recently completed his book Divided by the Word: Colonial Encounters and the Remaking of Zulu and Xhosa Identities. The book will be published in the Reconsiderations of Southern African History Series of The University of Virginia Press. He also serves as an Honorary Research Scholar at the Archive and Public Culture Research Initiative at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.

Christopher M. Blunda teaches advanced courses on the history of the ancient Mediterranean and the two-semester World History course. Before joining the History Department at VMI, he received a bachelor’s degree in Classics from Cornell University, a master’s degree in the History of Christianity from Harvard Divinity School, and a doctorate in History from the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on the cultural and intellectual history of the late Roman Empire, particularly asceticism in southern Gaul during the fourth, fifth, and sixth centuries A.D. He is the coeditor, with Susanna Elm, of The Late (Wild) Augustine (Ferdinand Schöningh Verlag/Brill, 2021).

Assistant Professor
History

Timothy Dowling has been teaching history at the Virginia Military Institute since August 2001.  Since that time, he has authored a book on the Brusilov Offensive of 1916, edited a two-volume set entitled Russia at War as well as two volumes of Personal Perspectives on the world wars, contributed numerous articles to encyclopedias, and published book reviews in the Journal of Military History, the Canadian Journal of History, Mars & Clio, Global War Studies, and for the H-German electronic network.  He is currently working on a second book concerning the Battle of Mukden during the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905).

Before moving to Lexington, Dr. Dowling taught at the Vienna International School in Austria and served as an adjunct assistant professor at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. He earned his doctoral degree from Tulane University in New Orleans in 1999, writing a dissertation on the planned city of Eisenhüttenstadt as a model for constructing socialism in the German Democratic Republic.  From 1989 to 1993, he worked at the American Embassy in Moscow, Russia, and traveled extensively through the former Soviet Union.  Dr. Dowling has lived for extended periods in Tokyo, Vienna, Berlin, and Munich.  He frequently leads VMI study abroad programs to Budapest, Hungary, and he recently completed a semester as a visiting Fulbright Scholar at the National University of Public Service there.  He also serves as the book review editor for the Journal of Military History.

Professor

History

MAJ Bryant Etheridge teaches courses on United States constitutional history, the history of American capitalism, modern U.S. politics, and the African American civil rights movement. His research focuses on the history of the U.S. in the mid-twentieth century, especially the role of federal social policy in addressing economic inequality. Much of his work uses the city of Houston as a case study in order to examine the local impacts of federal policies. His scholarship has been published in the Journal of Policy History and the Journal of Southern History.  

Before joining the VMI History Department, MAJ Etheridge taught at Plymouth State University, Bridgewater State University and MIT. In 2015-16, he was the Clements Fellow for the Study of Southwestern America at Southern Methodist University. A native of Hickory, Virginia, he holds degrees from the College of William & Mary, the University of Texas at Austin, and Harvard University. 

Dr. Erin Holmes earned her B.A. in History from the College of William and Mary, along with a Certificate in Early American History and Museum Studies from the National Institute of American History and Democracy, and her Ph.D. in History from the University of South Carolina. She also received a Certificate in Historical Archaeology and Cultural Resource Management from the Department of Anthropology at the University of South Carolina. 

Dr. Holmes is a social, cultural, and political historian of the early modern Atlantic World and studies the built environment and material culture of the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, with a particular focus on the history of slavery. Her current manuscript, The House that Slavery Built: Social and Material Transformation in the British Atlantic World, 1670-1831, explores how the built environment—buildings, landscapes, objects, and the spaces in between—shaped and was shaped by the presence and labor of enslaved people and how slavery transformed colonial identity. From 2017-2019, she was an Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Postdoctoral Curatorial Fellow at the American Philosophical Society, where she co-curated In Franklin’s Footsteps: 275 Years at the American Philosophical Society and was lead curator for Mapping a Nation: Shaping the Early American Republic. 

Prior to coming to VMI, Dr. Holmes was a Postdoctoral Fellow in Political History at the Kinder Institute on Constitutional Democracy. In addition to the Introduction to United States History, she teaches courses on the American Revolution, Early America, public history, and spatial history. 

As the holder of the John Biggs ´30 Chair in Military History, Professor Jensen teaches courses on modern Europe, modern Spain, European warfare, and the history of insurgency.  He is the author of Irrational Triumph: Cultural Despair, Military Nationalism, and the Ideological Origin of Franco's Spain (2002), Franco (2005), Cultura militar española (2014), and various articles and book chapters.  He also edited Warfare in Europe, 1919-1939 (2008) and co-edited (with Andrew Wiest) War in the Age of Technology: Myriad Faces of Modern Armed Conflict (2001).  He is working on a book tentatively titled Spanish Ways of War and Occupation:  Conquest, Culture, and the Guerrilla Myth in Spain and Morocco, 1912-1956.

Professor
Holder of the John Biggs '30 Cincinnati Chair in Military History

Professor M. Houston Johnson V specializes in the history of the 20th century United States, with an emphasis on aviation history and the New Deal era. He teaches courses including The Progressive Era, The New Deal, War and Society in 20th Century United States History, The Vietnam War, and Historical Methodology; he also offers capstone seminars on the New Deal Era and World War II. His book, Taking Flight: The Foundations of American Commercial Aviation, 1918-1938 (Texas A&M University Press, 2019), explores the federal government’s role in promoting the development of commercial aviation between the world wars. He has published articles on aviation infrastructure in the Journal of Policy History and the Journal of East Tennessee History; essays on the air war in the European theater of World War II and Lieutenant General Leonard Gerow’s role in the Normandy campaign are forthcoming with Oxford University Press and Global War Studies, respectively. Johnson also served as the Associate Editor of the Sage Encyclopedia of Military Science.

Johnson came to VMI in 2012 after receiving degrees from Roanoke College and the University of Tennessee. The Virginia Military Institute has recognized his teaching with the Wilbur S. Hinman, Jr. ’26 Research Award (2017; 2019), and his scholarship with the Jackson-Hope Prize for Excellence in Published Scholarly Work (2020). Johnson has served as the Head of the Department of History since 2020; his other activities include service as a Program Director for the Olmsted Foundation study abroad program.

Professor and Department Head
History

Patrick J. (PJ) Klinger teaches the two-semester World History course as well as upper-division courses in environmental history and climate history. He is a graduate of Marshall University, East Carolina University, and the University of Kansas. Major Klinger's interdisciplinary research examines the role that weather and climate has on the interconnections between humans and the natural world. His current research projects explore how environmental and climatic changes influenced trade, political decisions, thought processes, human subsistence, adaptability, and ideas of resiliency from the early modern period to the present, while simultaneously inspiring new ways of perceiving, interpreting, and representing nature and provoking changes in the sea and land.

Qiong Liu teaches advanced courses on Modern Chinese History and the two-semester World History courses. Her scholarly work primarily focuses on the interplay between gender, sexuality, violence in Chinese revolutions and rebellions. She also examines the cultural history of martial arts in East Asia. She received a bachelor’s degree in Nanjing University, China, and a doctorate degree in History from the State University of New York at Buffalo. Before joining the faculty at VMI, she taught at the State University of New York at New Paltz and University of Michigan.

Lieutenant Colonel Osborne teaches a two-semester freshmen course on World history as well as advanced courses on British history, European History, World War I, the Indian sub-continent, and sea power. The latter topic comprises two classes being 1588-1905 and 1905 to the present. 

Lieutenant Colonel Osborne’s research focuses primarily on the impact of sea power in war and peace, particularly in the twentieth century. He has published five books, among them being Great Britain’s Economic Blockade of Germany in World War I, 1914-1918 and The Battle of Heligoland Bight that were published in 2004 and 2006 respectively. Most recently he has authored a work on the 1918 Battle of Megiddo published through Helion Publishing in 2023. He has also appeared in eleven encyclopedias, writing on topics in naval warfare, imperialism, and diplomacy. Additionally, he has authored several articles. Currently, Lieutenant Colonel Osborne is working on a book concerning blockade running during the 1861-1865 American Civil War. 

Associate Professor
History

Alex Paul is a historian of American history who specializes in the study of race, ethnicity, and war. He teaches the two-semester U.S. History course and an advanced course on World War I and American society. He came to the VMI after serving in the British Army and receiving his doctorate from the University of Houston. He is currently working on turning his dissertation, “Unwilling Doughboys: The U.S. Army’s Foreign-born Conscripts in World War I,” into a book manuscript. 

Madeleine Forrest Ramsey received bachelor degrees in History and Religious Studies from Randolph-Macon College; a master’s degree in History from Clemson University; and a doctorate in History from the University of Arkansas. She teaches the two-semester U.S. History course as well as upper-division classes on Antebellum America, the Civil War and the U.S. South. Her scholarly works primarily focuses on the Civil War in Virginia, examining how the war affected the lives of southerners on the local level. She also examines questions of citizenship during and after the Civil War and the ways in which ex-Confederates fought to regain power and control during Reconstruction. Before joining the faculty at VMI, she taught at Randolph-Macon College.

I teach advanced courses on the U.S.—Mexico Borderlands and Latin America. My scholarly work primarily focuses on the interplay between race, gender, and sexuality on the northern region of the Spanish Empire, present-day Texas and Northern Mexico. My current book project, Forbidden Affairs: Sexual Deviance in the Spanish Texas-Coahuila Borderlands (under contract with Texas Tech University Press) investigates the multitude of ways colonial officials and community members responded to “illicit” sexual matters.